mcintyre



GRINDING MACHINE.

Patented Nov. 20, 1883.

(No Model.) l 6 Sheets-Sheet 2.

A. W. MGINTYRE.

@BINDING MACHINE. No.. 288,718. "Patented Nov. 20, 1883.

gael..

N. FEYERS. Pham-umagnpher, washingwn, Imc.

6 Sheetsj-Sheet 3.

(No Mpde1.)

A. W. MGINTYRE.

GRINDING' MACHINE. 8 No. 288,718. Patentgd Nov. 20, 18.83.

N. PETERS. Prwwlimugnpher. washingmn. D. c.

(No Model.) l sheets-Sheef 4.

A. W. MGINTYRE.

. y GRINDINGMAGHINB. No. 288.718'.A

Patented 'Non-y. O, 1883.

(No Modeln, 6 sheetsshlet 5.

. A. W. MGINTYRE.

GRINDING MACHINE.

Patented Nov.. 20,V `1883.

N. PETERS, Phoxulishngmpher. washington. D. C.

Y 6 Sheets-Sheet 6.

(No Model.)

A.Y W. MOIN-TYRE.

N. Paus. mmumumpw. vminm". n. c.

y UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

qAUGUSTIN WV. MOINIYRE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE` ASSIGNMENTSTO THE AMERICAN CARWIIEEL GRINDING COMPANY,

` OF SAME PLACE.

GRINDING- srncrrrcarron fermmgpert ef Letters :Patent No. 288,718, Vlated November eo, 1883.

Application led December 8, 1882. Renewed September 24, 1883. (No model.)

To all whom t iii/Ly concern.-

Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in GrindingM'achines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, sufficient to enable any one skilled in the art to which my invention appertains to manufacture and use the same.

Although, for the sake of brevity, I have thus entitled my invention improvements in' grinding-machines/7 and in the annexed` 'drawings have illustrated the same as applied to the grinding of rai lway-car wheels, I wish it distinctly understood that such improvements are applicable as well-to the cutting, abrading, or polishing of all cylindrical, conical, or`

conoidal bodies of metal, wood, stone, or the like.

the work can be accurately positioned and securely sustained during the grinding opera` tion, second, to provide means for imparting a uniform, smoothrevolution to the object to` i be ground; third, to improve the mechanism for sustaining and operating the grinding or` cutting wheels; fourth, to furnish mechanism for automatically compensating for the wearing away of the grinding wheels, and thus keeping the same constantly up to their work;` Y

fifth, to provide the grinding or cutting wheels with hoods and exhaust apparatus, whereby the dust from the work and the wheels may be collected and withdrawn, and the liability of 4accident from the bursting of carelessly-placed wheelsshall be avoided; and, sixth, to improve the construction of the grinding-wheels and `the means for'centerin g and securing the same oh their mandrels. y These several objects of `invention I have accomplished by the mechcation.

Figure I is a plan view, with parts removed,

4of a machine especially suited for the grind` ing of car-wheels, and adapted to operate with ceive the axle of the car-wheels.

'view in inner side elevation of one-half of the 6o `My present invention has for its` objects,l Viirst, to furnish improved mechanism whereby in vertical section.

` grinding-wheels.

four pairs or sets of abradingwheels. Fig. II 5o is a view, in vertical section on linea b of Fig. III, of the axle-bearing, its housing, and means for adjusting the same. i Fig. III is a view in vertical section on line c d of Fig. II. Fig.

IV is a detail outen side view of one of the. housings of the workeholding standards. Fig. Vis aview in vertical section, similar to Fig. II, but showing the bearings in position to re- Fig. VI is a machine. Fig. VII is a side view, partly in section, .of the screw-jack and fricti|on-gear of the mechanism for revolving the work. Fig. VIII is a plan view of the friction-gear detached. Fig. IX is a view partly in side elevation and partly in sectionon line ef of Fig. X. Fig. X is a view in vertical transverse section on line g h of Fig. IX. Fig. X1L is a view, partly in vertical section, of the conical friction-clutch- Fig. XI is a view in side ele- 7o vation of a standard and wheels for sustaining one pain of grinding-wheels, one wheel being removed and the hood ofthe other being shown Fig. XII` is a view in front elevation of a standard and mechanism for sustaining one pair of grindingwheels. Fig. XIII is a detail plan view of the cam-gear or pattern apparatus of a shape especially adapted for grinding car-wheels. Fig. XIV is a View in vertical section on line t k of Fig. XIII, showing also adjacent parts. ,.Fig. XV is a view'in vertical section on line Z m of Fig.

a XIV. Fig. XVI is a detail view, partly in plan and partly in horizontal section, of the mechanism for compensating for the wear of the Fig. XVII is avview in section on line a o of Fig. XVI. Fig. XVII is a view in vertical section on line p q of Fi g. XVII. Fig. XVIII is a view in section..` online r s of Fig. XVI. Fig. XVIIIL isadetail. Fig. XIX is adetail view, in vertical longitudinal section, of an emery grinding-wheel, showing the manner of attaching the same. Fig. XX is'an inner side view of a portion of the emery-wheel. Figs. XXI and XXII are respectively views 9 5 in. vertical longitudinal and vertical transverse section of a modiiied construction of bearing for the mandrel of the grinding-wheels.

Fig. XXIII is a detail view of a modified form of pattern device and adjacent parts. Fig. XXIV is a detail plan view of such modified form of pattern device. Fig. XXV is a detail view,in vertical transverse section, of the articulated joint of the exhaust-pipe. Fig. XXVI is a detail view, partly in plan and partly in horizontal transverse section, of a portion of the exhaust apparatus. Fig. XXVII is a detail view, in side elevation, of a portion of the exhaust apparatus. Fig. XXVIII is a detail view, in section on line t u of Fig. XXIX, of a cut-off which may be applied to limit automatically the travel of the main carriage. Fig. XXIX is a view in section on line o w of Fig. XXVIII, showing the main spindle and portions of the cut-ofi` in perspective. Fig. XXX is a plan view of one of the jaws of the cut-off. Fig. XXXI is a view in side elevation ofthe cut-oft' mechanism to limit the travel ofthe main table.

Like numbers and letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the various views of the drawings.

A designates the bed-plate or base of the machine7 to which, intermediate the four sets of grinding-wheels, are secured the work-holding standards A by means oi' the set-bolts 1, which enter the T-shaped channels 1L in the base. By this construction the standards-one or both-can be readily adjusted to accommodate cylindrical bodies oi' different lengths. The standards A which are hollow castings, are each provided at the top with the extension 2, the side ledges, 3, and the central slot, 4, and upon the top of these standards rest the housings A2, which have the flanges 5,adapted to embrace the ledges 3, and` thus retain the housings securely upon their seats. The bottom of each of the outer flanges, 5, is formed of a separable strip attached by means of screws, and between these flanges and the corresponding ledges are placed the friction keystrips 5, which are rendered adjustable by means of set-screws, and serve to compensate for any wear of parts and retain the housings firmly upon the standards. From the base of each housing depends a cylindrical extension7 6,which passes through the slot 4 of the standard, andl bears a threaded lug, 7, through' which extends the spindle A3, journaled at its ends in the top of the standard. The spindles A3 lare furnished, as shown, with suitable wrench-bars, by turning which the housingscany be moved upon the standards, and cylinders of'different diameters can thus bc readily presented to the action of the cutting or abrading tools upon one side of the machine. In the cylindrical extensions of the housings are fitted the threaded sleeves 8, through which pass the spindles 9, to the top of which are keyed the bottom bearing-blocks, 10, upon whichrest the ends ofthe axle of the cylinder to be ground. rIhe tops .of the housings are cut out, as shown, and within the spaces thus formed rest the side bearing-blocks, 1l, which are adjusted by means of the setscrews 12 and guided by the flanges 13. Each of the housings is provided upon its outer side With a trough-shaped head or extension, 14, containing the mechanism for centering the cylinders preparatory to the adjustment of the bearing-blocks or bearings. The enlarged end 15 of the head 14 is perforated to receive the plain cut-away end of the short screw-block 16, securely held therein. Over the threaded portion of each screw-block 16 fits an interiorly-threaded screw-nut, 17, provided upon its face with the loose annular friction-plate 18, adapted to bear against the end of the axle and prevent its longitudinal displacement. This screw-block 16 is furnished with a central perforation having screw-threads in reverse of those on its exterior, and in this perforation fits a correspondingly-threaded pointed center-pin, 19, which passes through a perforation in the screw-nut 17, and which is provided with the spline or key 20, adaptedto iit a corresponding groove in the screw-nut, so that the two shall turn together. On the outside of thebase-standards A', below the flanges 5, may be iitted a scale ordivision, if desired, to enable the more accurate and ready adjustment of the axles of the work at right angles to the base-standards.

In order to place the work-as, for example, a pair of car-wheels-in position upon the base-standards preparatory to the grinding operation, two inovable rails, 20, are provided at the front of the machine, up which the wheels are rolled until'their axle comes to rest upon the iron-shod wooden blocks 21 on the extensions 2 of the base-standards. The bearing-blocks sustaining the bearings are now in the position shown in Fig. V of the drawings, and from the wooden blocks 21 the axle is rolled upon the bottom bearing-blocks elevated to receive it. The bottom bearingblocks are next lowered by their jacks on spindles until the center-holes of the ends o1n the IOO IIO

axle are opposite the conical points of the steel y center-pins 19, when, by turning the screwnuts 17 backward toward the ends 15 of the housings, the center-pins, by reason of their reversed threads, are caused to advance and enter the center-holes of the axle. By this means the axle is accurately centered. This done, `the side bearing-blocks, 11, are moved up by their set-screws until the axle is securely held in the bearings, when the screw-nuts 17 are turned in reverse direction, thereby causing them to withdraw the pins from the centerholes and to force the annular friction-plates 18 against the ends of the axle. The car-wheels willthus be securely held in position to be ground, and by turning the spindle A3 the wheels can be presented to the action of the grinding-wheels located upon one side ofthe machine.

The mechanism for imparting motion to the body to be ground is illustrated in Figs. I, VI, VII, and VIII of the drawings, where it'is shown as applied to a machine for grinding car-wheels. It consists, essentially, of a train,

for operating the same.

essais s 3 B, of friction rollers or pulleys, which is caused to operate upon the-treads of the wheels by means of a lifting-jack, B. rllhree frictionpulleys, 22, 23, and 24, are shown, although it is obvious that more or less may be employed. These pulleys, which are formed of alternate disks of` rubber cloth and rubber firmly clampedjby screws 25 between the metal plates 26, are sustained between the journal-arms 27. The upper pulley, 22, is keyed to the shaft B2, which passes loosely through the enlarged npper ends of the arms 27, extends from side to side of the machine, and is supported by the journal-standards 28, which are bolted to the base-plate of the machine. This shaft B2 is provided atene end with a worm-wheel, 29, which receives motion from a worm-gear on the counter-shaft 30, which is journaled in the standards 31, and is driven by the pulley 32. i,

suitably connected by a belt to the overhead shaft. The pulley 23 is journaled in the oblong slots or bearings 33 of the arms 27, and

,37, attached to the top ofthe rod 38, which is held in a manner free to slide within a socket in the screw-headed standard 39, which is hinged by trunnion-bearings to the base 40 of the jack. Around the screw-threaded standard 39 fits the interiorly-threaded casing 4l, the enlarged upper portion, 42, of which conrains the rubber cushion 43, and is covered by the cap 44, which fits around the rod 38 below the yoke 37 and above the disk45. The elsing 4l is provided with the hand-wheel 46,

Vhen a pair of carwheels has been placed in position to be ground, and motion is to be imparted thereto, the hand-wheel 46 is to be turned until the casing 4l is lifted sufficiently to force the pnlley 24 against the perimeter of `the wheels, and as this pulley receives motion through the train'B from the shaft BL it will cause the wheels to revolve. i The function of the rubber cushion 43 is Vto maintain a constant pressure of the friction-pulley upon the car-wheel, despite yany slight irregularities of the latter Iand the reduction of the wheel in the grinding operation. The screw-j ack is, for convenience, placed within a pit below the base of the machine, and although one jack and frictiontrain only are illustrated in the drawings, it is obvious that, if desired, for certain classes of work, more may be employed.

From the abovedescribed construction it will be apparent that, whatever may be the diameter ofthe wheel or cylinder to be ground,

. the friction-roller 24 can be readily forced against the same by means of the lifting-jack, and by applyingthe motive power to the perimeters, instead of to the centers, as hereto` fore, of the bodies to be ground, a uniform rate of surface-speed in a given time islimparted to bodies of 'different diameters without the labor and loss of time incident to the changing of gear-wheels of pulleys and the like in order to attain the maximum speed for abrasion. Afurther and important advantage of this construction is that it secures a uniform, smooth motion, without vibrations or sudden jerks of' the work, which occur when cog-gearing is employed, and which produce corrugations or irregularities upon the surface of the body in the grinding or polishing operation.

It will be understood that whenithe work is once set in the standards, and the friction ldriving mechanism is made to bear against the periphery thereof, said standards and driv ing mechanism remain stationary until the grinding is finished, save only for such slight adjustment ofthe driving mechanism yto and from the work as may be necessary from time to time to insure proper frictional contact with the periphery thereof. In other words, since the standards and driving mechanismv remain at fixed relation to each other, a perfectlyuniform rotation is imparted to the work, so that at all stages of the grinding `process the same number of lineal feet in any given period is subjected to the action ofthe abraders. rl`he driving-power being applied to the periphery of the work, as described, necessarily rotates it at a regular unvarying speed.

The mechanisml by which the four sets of grinding-wheels are sustained and operated rests upon four separate main standards, C,

scription ofthe mechanism of one set will serve for all.

The base A of the machine, beneath the main standard C, is provided with the T-shaped` IOC) IIO

slots or channels 50, within which rest the heads of the adjusting screw-bolts'l, which pass through the bottom fiange, 52, of the main standard. On the base,intermcdiate" the slot-s 50, is bolted the rack-bar 5l, over which fits the chamber 52, f'ormed in the main standard. In the front of the standard C are formed the lugs 53, in which is journaled the cog-wheel C', which meshes with `,therack 51. Around the axle of this cog-wheel, and within the journal-lugs 53,fits the yoke 54 of the lever 55, and to this yoke is pivoted, as shown, a doublepointed dog or pawl, 56, which engages with the teeth of the cog-wheel. From this construction it will be seen that whenit becomes necessary to move either of the main standards G toward the work to be ground the nuts of the adjusting-bolts 5l are loosened, and the dog or pawl 56 is thrown over upon the side` of the lever 55neXt the standard in reverse position from that shown in the drawings, Now, by operating the lever 55, the dog1 causes the cog to rotate, which, meshing in the fixed rack-bar, forces the standard to advance, and

bolts.

`r 'of the part so.

when thus brought to the desired position it is secured there by means of the adjusting- To retract the main standard, the above operation is of course reversed. The top of the main standard C, which is cut away, as shown, is provided at each side with the ledges 57, the rails or shears 58, and the inclined guideways 59, and from end to end of this standard extends the main screw threaded feeding shaft or spindle C2, the smooth portion of the ends of which are journaled in suitable bearings, 60 and 61. The bearing 60 is countersunk, as shown, to permit the insertion of a wrench-bar over the squared end of the spindle, and to the bearing 6l is screwed an annular cap, 62, which fits around the reduced portion of the spindle and guards the same from longitudinal displacement. Upon the rails or shears 58 of the main standard C rests the main table D, which is furnished at each side of its bottom with the longitudinal guideways or grooves 63, adapted to move upon these rails 58, and the llanges 64, which embrace the ledges The bottoms of the flanges 64 are formed, as shown, of separable strips 65, securely held in place by set-screws. The top of the main table D is provided with the inclined or dovetail guideways 66, which extend across the main table at right angles to the rails 58 of the main standard C. Upon these guideways 66 .is sustained what I designate the slide-rest carriage7 E,which is preferably formed of separable parts securely bolted together. The lower portion, 67 of this carriage is provided upon each side with the dependent dovetail flanges 68 and 69, which embrace the guideways 66 of the main table, and between the flange 69 and the corresponding guideway is inserted the friction-strip 70, which is adjusted by means of set-screws, in order to compensate for wear of parts, and thus secure accurate movement of the slide-rest carriage. The upper portion, 71, ofthe slide-rest carriage is a hollow yoke-shaped casting, and within its two sides 7 2 and 7 3 is placed the lower sliderest, F, which carries the grinding-wheel G. The bottom of the slide-rest F is formed with the dependent dovetail flanges 74, which fit over the dovetail guideways on the top of the lower portion, 67, ofthe slide-rest carriage, and between one of the flanges 7 4 and its guideway is placed an adjustable friction-strip,

7 6. The upper portion ofthe slide-rest carriage is provided at its top with the dovetail guideways 77, over which fit the dependent flanges 78 of the upper slide-rest, F, which carries the grinding-wheel G. This slide-rest F is formed in two separable parts, 79 and 80, clamped together by means of the set-screws 8l, which pass through the oblong slots 82 of the part 79, and into the projections 83 on the top To the under side ofthe part 79 is bolted the threadedlug 84,through which passes the adjusting-screw 85, which extends without the side of the portion 80, and is furnished with a suitable thumb-wheel for operating the same. The purpose of this construction of the upper slide-rest is to allow a slight independent longitudinal movement to be given to the upper grinding-wheel, in order to bring the same into accurate alignment with its companion wheel below. This, as will be readily seen, can be effected by turning the thumb-wheel of the adjusting-screw 85 until the two grinding-wheels G and G are accurately aligned, when the set-screws 8l will lirml y clamp the two parts of the upper sliderest together. The slide-rests F and F are each provided with the bowed arms 86, the expanded ends 87 of which are bored out to constitute the journal-bearings for the mandrels 88 of the grinding-wheels G and G. The mandrels 88 are secured in their bearings by jam-nuts 89 at their inner ends, and are each driven by a pulley, 90, which receives motion from a belt leading to the overhead shaft. For some classes of work-as, for example, calender-rolls having highly-polished surfacesspring-seated bearings for the spindles 88 will vbe used to correct for any possible vibration,

fits over the journal-box t4, through which passes the spindle 88. This journal-box t* has one end formed with the iiange t5, to lit over an enlargement on the spindle 88, and with the vflange t of greater diameter than the bore of the end 87 of the arm, and has its opposite end tted with a flange or screw-ring, t7, of greater' diameter than the bore of the coverplate t8, which is bolted to the end 87 of the arm. A suitable lubricating device, consisting of the oil-reservoir T', the drip-cup T2, and delivering and discharge tubes, is preferably used with this improved form of bearing. The spindles of the grinding-wheels are thus held in such manner as to be able to yield in a radial direction to compensate for possible vibration of the slide-rest, but are guarded securely against any longitudinal movement by the flanges of the journal-boxes.

It will be noticed from the foregoing description that the grinding-wheels of each set are brought into exact vertical alignment, and are symmetrically disposed with relation to the bearings of the work-holding standards, so that their points of contact with the work shall always be equidistant from the horizontal plane passing through the axis of the work as sustained in its bearings. This featureis of especial importance, since by such arrangement the abrading-wheels are caused to operate in unison-that is to say, they move together to and from the body upon which they are acting, whether this be a plain cylinder, or of conical or conoidal shape, or composite,

IOC

IIO

as in case of a car-wheel tread. If this sym- I The mechanism for operating the grindingmetry in arrangement of the grinding-wheels were not carefully observed, the machine could not be adapted to the great variety of work as specified, because in adjusting one of the wheels to the surface to be reduced, the other moving in unison therewith would not take i the same adjustment with respect to such surface unless said wheel were in exactly like relation to said surface and its axis. Inasmuch as the" adjustment of the wheels to and from the surface tobe abraded is effected automatically, as hereinafter described, the significance of this precision in arrangement of the wheels symmetrically becomes even more ,Y manifest, as, indeed, it is the only means by which an automatic adjustment to `work of greatly varying contour can be certainly effected.

In order to bring the grinding-wheel in proper relative position for preliminary contact with `the work, the slide-rests F and F are provided, respectively, with the dependent threaded lugs f f which move in the cut-away spaces of the upper and lower portions of the slide-rest carriage E, through which pass the threaded spindles F2 and These spindles are journaled, as shown, in the top', front, `and rear ledges of the upper and lower portions o f the slide-rest carriage, and each is provided near its end with the friction-cone f2, over which fits the conical bore of a wormwheel, j, aselearly shown in the detail view X. Connected to orformed integralwiththe worm-wheel is the threaded nut ft, having its outer surface in shape of a hand-wheel for convenience in operating the same. Meshing with the worm-wheels f s is the vertical shaft F4, having wormed gears f7, the lower end of said shaft being journaledin the lower portion of the slide-rest carriage E, and its upper end being furnished with a suitable handwheel. The shaft Ft is braced about its middle by the journal-bracketf, attached to the upper portion of the slide-rest carriage E, and upon this shaftis also keyed the spring-seated friction disk or plate M, the function of which will hereinafter appear.

In order to operate both of the spindles F2 and F? simultaneously and to the same extent bymeans of the shaft F4, the threaded nuts f t are turned sufficiently to force the worm-wheels f3 into firm frictional contact with the cones f2, when, by revolving the hand-wheel of the shaft, the spindles Fz andF3 will move the slide-rests F and F as desired. It will be noticed that by withdrawing either of the worm-wheelsf3 from contact with its cone f2 the corresponding spindle will be` thrown out of gear, and canthen be operated, if desired, by a key-crank passed over the squared end; or either spindle may be operated independently by the shaft F* by throwing the frictionsurfaces of the other out of gear. This feature is of especial importance in accurately positioning the grinding-wheels at the beginning of the operation.

wheels is shown in the accompanying drawings as of a construction especiallysuited to the grinding of car-wheels. This, therefore,

will first be described, and the slight modiii'- cations requisite to adapt the same to the` grinding of other irregular and of plain cylindricalbodieswillbesubsequentlyindicated.

Within the cut-away space in the top of the main standard C, and upon the inclined guideways 59, rests the pattern-slide H, having upon its sides the inclined grooves 91, which iit over the guideways 59 and retain the pattern-slide securely in place thereon. To the bottom of this pattern-slide is attached by screw-bolts a threaded collar, 92, having preferably an interiorl'sleeve of Babbitt metal, which ts over the main spindle C2. rIhe `uppersurface ofthe pattern-slide H is depressed,

as shown, and within the space thus formed is held by set-screws the toothed pattern-cam H', the construction of which is best illustrated in the detail views XIII, XIV, and XV' of the drawings. This vcam consists of the base-plate 93, to which are screwed the cam faced plates 94 and 95, the shape of which is determined by that of the body to be ground,`

being more or less curved, as may be the perimeter of such body. rIhese cam-plates 94 and 95 are fixed Vat Vsuch distance apart as to form the cam-groove 96, and upon the top of the plate 94, and preferably formed integral therewith, is the cam rack-bar 97, which conforms to the shape of the cam -plate beneath it. Within the cam-groove 96 travels the plain end 98 of the `shaft I, which is furnished with the pinion 98, meshing in the rack-bar 97, and with a flanged glide-sleeve 99, adapted to move in the oblong transverse slot 100, formed in the top of the main table D.l Within the depressed portion of the top of the main table D, and around the shaft I, is held the collar 101, which is screwed to the under side of the slide-rest carriage E. The shaft I, as clearly` shown in Fig, X, passes through the slide-rest carriage, and carries at its top the hand-wheel I', and about midway its length the wormwheel 102, keyed thereto. From the above construction it will be seen that if motion is imparted to the shaft I, either by turning the hand-wheel I in the direction ofthe arrow, Fig. X, or by the worm-wheel 102, the pinion 98 will be forced to traverse the rack-bar 97 the plain end of the shaft will travel in the cam -groove 96, the main table D and the IOO IIO

mechanism sustained thereby will be moved longitudinally, and at the same time,since the shaft I is free to move in the slot 100 of the main table, the slide-rest carriage El will receive a motion at right angles to that of the y main table D; hence itis apparent that` the course followed by the grinding-wheels will` describe a curve corresponding exactly with of such wheels.

. ings in the journal-block 103 and cover 104. Motion is imparted to the worm-shaft K by operation, will accordingly follow the contour l'.

In order to impart a constant movement to the shaft I, and consequently to the grindingwheels, from the source of power, a wormshaft, K, is arranged to mesh with the worm- Wheel 102. This worm-shaft passes through the slide-rest carriage E, the side 72 of which bears the journal-block 103 and the swinging j ournal-cover 104, each having doublejournal seats orbearingsfortheworm-shaft,andtheside 73 of which is provided with a bracket, 105, having pivotally keyed therein the journalbearing 106 of the worm-shaft K. The purpose in thus journaling the worm-shaft is to enable the same to be placed in or out of gear with the worm-wheels 102, as it is desired to move the shaft I from the source of power or by hand, and this can readily be done by shifting the shaft from one to the other of the bearmeans ofthe speed-pulley 107, driven by the belt 108 from the speed-pulley 109, which, with its connected band-pulley 110, is sustained by the journal-brackets 111, attached to the main table D. The band-pulley 110 receives motion from the band-pulley 112 on the short shaft 113, which is sustained by the j ournal-standards 114, and is driven by the belt 115 from the main shaft B2.

In order to keep a constant tension of the belt 108, connecting the speed-pulleys 107 and 109, there is attached to the side 73 of the sliderest carriage E a pivot-pin, 120, upon which is sustained thebell-crank lever 121, carrying upon one arm the idler 122, which bears against the belt 108, and upon the other arm a weight, 123. This belt-tightener serves effectually to prevent the slackening of the belt 108 when the slide-rest carriage E is moved forward. In Figs. XXIII and XXIV is illustrated a modified form of pattern mechanism. In this construction the pattern-earn consists of a conoidal body, X, of a shape determined by that of the body to be ground, and provided with a continuous spiral groove around its perimeter. This cam-body X is keyed to the main feeding-shaft C2, which in this instance is plain, and is guarded from longitudinal displacementby the yokes x, which depend from the pattern-slide H and iit around the shaft C2. To the bottom of the slide-rest carriage E is screwed the bracket X', which passes through the oblong slot x of the main table D, and between the .arms of which is journaled the tracing-wheel X2, which enters the spiral groove in the conoidal body X. Through the front of the main standard B, which is cut away for its admission, projects the guide camplate X3, sustained by the bracket x2. By revolving the shaft C2 the tracing-wheel is caused to move along the spiral groove of the conoidal body, and in so doing describes a course in accordance with the shape of such body, which is predetermined by the contour of `the surface to be ground. The tracing-Wheel imparts movement to the main table and sliderest carriage, as does the shaft I, heretofore described. From the foregoing description it is apparent, as already stated, that by substituting pattern-cams of different shapes vthe grinding-wheels can be automatically moved in any desired direction with respect to the axis ofthe body to be ground. If, now, a plain cylinder of uniform diameter is to be ground, the necessary movement of the grinding-wheels along the same can be effected either bythe use of a straight rack-bar upon the patternslide or by dispensing with the pattern-plate and the shafts I and K and moving the main table D by means of the main feed-spindle O2, the main table and the pattern-slide beingin such case suitably connected together by a coupling-pin, i, Fig. IX.

In Figs. XXVIII, XXIX, XXX, and XXXI of the drawings is shown the preferred manner of connecting the main table D with main spindle G2, especially when long plain cylinderssuch as shaftin g, calender-rolls, or the like-are to be ground or polished. It will be readily understood that in operating upon this class of work the main standard or beds C upon eachside of the machine will be preferably formed in one, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. I, so that the grinding-wheels can be given a much longer travel. It is also advantageous, especially in grinding long plain cylinders, to arrest the movement of the main table D automatically at any desired point. This is accomplished by the mechanism now to be described.v Around the main spindle C2 clasps a divided segmental screw-nut, the halves s of which are attached to the enlarged ends of the clutch-arms s', which are pivoted upon the bolts s3, passing through the plates S, the flanges s4 of which are bolted, as shown, to the under side ofthe main table D. The plates S are held securely together by the rods s, and within these plates, and between the arms s', is placed the disk S', which is keyed to the spindle S2, and is provided with the cam-slots s6, through which pass the pins sl, attached to the arms s. The spindle S2, which is journaled in the plates S, has keyed upon its ends the levers S, and from the foregoing construction it will be seen that by turning either of these levers apartial revolution will be imparted to the disk S, which will cause the pins sl to ride up in the cam-slots s, and thus elevate the free ends of the arms s and lift the segmental nut out of the gear of the main spindle, and arrest the movement of the main table. In order to elevate the clutch-arms s automatically at any desired point, a threaded cam-nut, S", is fixed at such point upon the main spindle. This nut is provided with the enlarged cam-face sB and the reduced split back portion 89, having dependent ears,w.hich may be drawn together by the clamp 31, in order to guard the cam-nut from displacement on the spindle. `Now, when the main table D in its travel across the main standard or bed reaches the point at which its movement is to be arrested, the lever S3 rides IOO IIO

upon the face of the cam-nut, and thus auto- I head of this bracket 166 is bolted, as showin matically disconnects the segmental nut from the main-spindle and brings the main tabl-e to rest. In grinding plain cylinders the main tablexlD and slide-rest carriage are to be connected together by means of the coupling-pin 140, `which will prevent the transverse movement of the slide-rest carriage.

l The mechanism for automatically compensating for the wearing away of the grindingwheels and keeping the same fed constantly up to the work is illustrated in detail in Figs. XVI, XVII, XVII, XVIII, and XVIII of the drawings.

'lo the under side of the top of the slide-rest carriage Eare attached twojournal-brackets, ,Y l50,which sustain the flanged tubular shaft M, carrying upon its front end the friction-wheel 151. This friction-wheel is held upon its shaft by a set-screw in such manner that its position thereon can be varied at pleasure, and it bears upon thetop of the friction-disk M', which is pressed upward by the spiral spring` 152, and is keyed to the shaft F.

Vithin the tubular shaft M, and in a manner free to slide therein, rests a portion ofthe sh aft Ml, provided with the groove 153, adapted to receive acorresponding key of the tubular shaft, so that the shaft M2 will communicate its movement to the shaft M `irrespective of its position therein. The shaft M projects into and is journaled in the extension 154 of the tubular casing `M3, and' carries `upon its", end the worm-wheel 155, which moves within the enlargement 156 of the casing. The casing M3 has a bore of varying diameter, within whichis sustained the shaft 157 of what I desig-` nate the compensating-roller7 M4. The shaft 157 is guarded against longitudinal movement by reason of its enlarged part bearing against the contracted bore of the casing, and by the screw-cap 158 of the casing, within which the conical end of the shaft revolves, and on this shaft is formed the worm-gear, which meshes with the worm-wheel 155.

Upon the front side of the casing M3 is formed the hollow extension or spring-box 159, the chamber of which exceeds the bore of the casing, to the center of which it extends. Within the chamber of this extension rests the joury nal-block 160, which constitutes half the bearing for the journal of the shaft 157 and back of this journal-block, and bearing against the same, `is the spiral spring 161, the tension of which can be adjusted by means of the screwcap 162, Vto bring the compensating-roll MAL more nicely in position near to the surface being ground, and to allow it to yield lightly against any abrupt irregularity thereon, which might otherwise tend to break or to seriously disarrange the delicately-constructed parts. The casing MS is braced at one end by the dependen-tbracket 163, which carries the sliderod 164, sustained by thestandard 165, bolted to one of the dust-collecting hoods, to be hereinafter described, and'is braced centrally by the bent `T-shaped slide-bracket 166. The

to the casing M, and its end moves between `been adjusted into proper contact with the body to be ground, and revolution` has been imparted to the body, as heretofore described, the compensating-roller M4, which is midway the grinding-wheels G and G', is brought to bear lightly upon the revolving body just below the upper grinding-wheel in the path out thereby, and is there retained by clampingthe adjusting-screw 167. The contact betweenthe revolving body and the compensating-wheel at this time is not quite sufficient to cause the latter to move. If, now, however, the grinding-wheel becomes worn away to such an eX- tent that it fails to cutsay, for example, the wear is one one-hundredth of an inch-the diameter of the body being ground is at its point of contact with the compensating-roller proportionately larger, and the pressure between the two becomes so 'great as to cause the compensating-roller to revolve. The revolution of this roller imparts motion tothe wormwheel 155, the shafts M2 and M, the frictionwheel 151, the friction-disk M', the shaft Fi, and the spindles F2 and F3, and thus causes the slide-rests and their grinding-wheels to advance until the latter again cut into the revolving body and reduce its diameter sufficiently to prevent its moving the compensating-roller. This operation is repeatedas often as the grinding-wheels become appreciably worn. As the motion of the compensatingroller is communicated to the slide-rests by means of the worm-gears and friction-wheels, the speed of the motion is greatly diminished, and the sensitiveness of the roller is correspondingly increased. The speed transmitted can be varied at pleasure by so adjusting thefriction-wheel 151 upon its shaft as to cause it to travel on the friction-disk Ml at different distances from the center.

The hoods to which the dust-exhausting apparatus is connected consist each of a cast-iron casing, P, which fits around the grindingwheel, and is sustained by means of the standard p, affixed to the outer arm, of the slide-rest. The cover p of the casing is removable to allow the insertion of' the grinding-wheel, and is held in place by screws. In the under 4side or bottom of the casing P is placed an adjustable dust-hopper, P', carrying the set-screwl,

IOO

IIO

which passes through the slot p3. of the cover,

P, as shown in Fig. XI, is placed the hinged u valve 1),which tits snugly the walls ofthe casing, and is operated by the,thumb-screw 195.

The purpose of this valve is to compel the entire exhaust to be drawn from the bottom of the casing,where the dust is deposited, and to this end the position of the-valve is changed as the grinding-wheel wears away. The upper and lower casings, I), are connected together by means of the exhaust-pipe p6, which extends from the angular bottom of one casing to that of the other. This pipe is connected to the casing by suitable pivoted joints. and has at its middle a telescopic joint, in order to allow the independent movement of the sliderests. To the inner side of the lower casing, I?, is attached the flexible exhaust-pipe P2, which connects with the pipe B, leading to an exhaustfan or blower. By this construction of hood and exhaust mechanism the particles of dust and metal are readily collected and withdrawn. A further advantage of the hoods is, that they serve to prevent accidents from the breakage of wheels which are defective or have been carelessly fixed to their shafts.

In Figs. XXV,`XXVI, and XXVII is shown in detail a modified form of exhaust-pipe connection especially adapted for use where the grinding-wheels travel from end to end of along carriage-bed or main standard. To the base A of the machine, about midway of the long table indicated by ldotted lines in Fig. I of the drawings, is fixed the standard 171, to which is connected or formed integral therewith the elbow-pipe 172. To one of the branches, 173, of this elbow is attached by a cone-joint, 174, the discharge-pipe 175, leading out from. the machine, and to the other branch, 176, is attached the pipe-section 177, having arms or branches 178, to which are connected the fiexible pipe 179, lea-ding each to a set'of wheels. The pipe-section 177 is provided with the conical end 180, which enters the conical bored end of the branch 176, and with flange 181, which fits over the fiange 182, and is held thereon by means of the ring 183, screwed to the flange 181. Y Between the flanges 181 and 182 is placed the rubber ring 184, which retains the parts in proper bearing contact. In the end of the elbow-pipe 172 is placed an injector, 185, of suitable construction, having a cone valve, 186, to control the action of the same. The

pipe-section 17 7 is thus free to turn, so thatthe injury of' the flexible tubes by kinking as the grindingwheels travel from side to side of the machine is avoided.

The improved construction of grinding wheels and the mandrel for sustaining the same are illustrated in the detail views XIX and XX of the drawings. Centrally of the inner side of the solid emery-wheel G, and fixed thereto in the process of molding the wheel, is the depressed fiange-plate g, the sides of which may beslightly inclined. In this wheel are also molded the metal tubes g, preferably three or four in number, arranged circulnferentially with reference to the'axis of the wheel, the bores of which tubes lie below the plate g, having circumferential perforations g2 to correspond therewith. The expanded end gi of the mandrel 88 is provided with circumferential threaded perforations corresponding in number with the tubes of the emery-whecl G, and its periphery is adapted to fit snugly within and against the flanged plate g. In order to attach the grinding-wheel to its mandrel, the plate g is placed over'the end g3, and through the metal tubes g are passed the bolts g4, having threaded ends to receive the clampnuts g5. Upon the outside of the wheel G is placed the washer gf, and it will be seen that by turning the clamping nuts g5 the wheel is firmly and accurately secured to the expanded end of its mandrel.

Grinding-wheels of emery or corundum, as ordinarily made, vare furnished with a central hole, in which fits the reduced end of a mandrel, upon which the wheel is retained by means of washers forced directly against .the body of the wheel. By making the wheel solid, as hereinbefore stated-that is to say, without any large central perforation-it is rendered firmer, more rigid and tenacious, and may be revolved at higher rates of speed than could be safely risked in the older forms having the large central hole therein.

A great difficulty experienced in attaching to a mandrel a wheel of the old construction arises from the liability to crush the texture of the wheel by forcing the washers too tightly thereon. On the other hand, if the washers be not clamped sufficiently tight, the centrifugal force exerted4 upon the wheel will be sustained at its center by the mandrel, instead of being borne by the washers from points nearer the periphery, and it will readily be seen that undersuch conditions thetendency ofthe wheel to burst when revolving at a high rate of speed is much increased. Effort has been made to avoid this by making the washers very broad, and thus increasing their bearing-surface, but this has the disadvantage of diminishing the effective size of the wheel. By my improved construction of wheel its in ost accurate centering and secure attachment are obtained, and at the same time its grinding capacity is in effect increased by the reduction of the size of the washer. The washers, which bear firmly against the ends of the metallic tubes, can be forced to the extreme without danger of crushing the texture of the wheel, and the clamping-bolts and fianged plate also aid in sustaining the wheel securely in exact position.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, with the work-holding standards, of the laterally-adjustable housings having adjustable bearing-blocks sustained therein, substantially as described.

2. Ihe combination, with the work-holding standards and with the laterally-adjustable housings having adjustable bearing blocks rying the grinding mechanism, said main standards being adjustable to and from the workholding standards, substantially as described.

IOO

' 1 3o sustained therein, of the main standards carground and impart uniform revolution there- E, and two grindingwhecls, Gr and GK, susstandardS, of the housings having the adjust' able side bearing-blocks and the adjustable pable of lateralmovement, of two independ- 3. The combination, with the work-holding| bottom bearing` blocks `separate substantially as described.

4. The combination, `with the work-holding standards, of adjustable bearing-blocks and mechanism, substantially as described7 for centering the work, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination, with the work-holding standards and the housings, of the screw-stud 16, the center-pin 19, and the screw-nut 17, substantially as described.

6. The combination, with the housings ofthe Work-holding standards, of the side bearingblocks and the bottom bearing-blocks having screw-jacks to lift them to the top of the housings, substantially as described.

7. The combination, with the housings ofthe work-holding standards and with the bearing blocks, of the lscrew-stud 16, the screw-nut 17, and the plate 18, substantially as described.

8. The combination, with the stationary work-holding standards, of driving mechanism, substantially as described, adapted to bear upon the periphery of the work being therefrom,

to, substantially as described.

9. The combination, with the stationary Worllholding standards, of adjustablefric tion driving mechanism adapted to bear upon the periphery of the work being ground and to impart uniform revolution thereto., sub-` stantially as described. j

10. The combination, with the work-holding standards, of the friction-pulleys,the driving-shaftB2, and the lifting-jack B, substantially as described.

11. The combination, with the friction-pul-` leys, of a lifting-jack, B, and elastic cushion 43, substantially as described.

12. The combination, with the work-hold ing standards having extensions upon which the axle of the work may run, of the housings and the vertically-adjustable bottom bearing blocks to receive said axle, substantially as described. Y

13. The combination, with the Work-holding standards and with a single main standard, of two grinding or cutting Wheels adapted to move in unison, said wheels being arranged at equal distances from the horizontal plane passing through the axis of the work as sustained in its standards, substantially as described.

-14. The combination, with a main table caent tool slide-rests mounted thereon, one above the other, substantially as described.

15. The combination, with the main standard, of the main table D, the slide-rest carriage E, and the upper and lower slide-rests carrying grinding-wheels, substantially as described.

` 16. The combination, with the main standards, of the maintable, the slide-rest carriage 4said wheels is secured, substantially as set forth.

18. The combination, with the slide-rest carriage, of the independent slide-rests F F',

mounted therein, one of said slide-rests being provided with ther separable parts 79 and 80, which may be relatively adjusted to bring the `slide-rests into accurate vertical alignment, l substantially as described. Y

19. rlhe combinatiomwith the main stand 1 ard,the main table, and the slide-rest carriage sustaining independent slide-rests adapted to move in unison, of a pattern-surface and means i for connecting the same with said main table, substantially as described.

20. lllhe combination, with the main standard, of a pattern-surface having aracl-bar, the main table sustaining the grindingwheels, and a shaft provided with a pinion, whereby the movement of the main table is effected, substantially as described.

21. The combination, with the main standard having guideways, of the patternslide having flanges to fit said guideways, substantially as described.

22. The combination, with the main standard and with the pattern-surface sustained therein, of the slotted main table, the sliderest carriage having independent sliderests, and means, substantially as described, for connecting the slide-rest carriage with the pattern-surface, substantially as described.

23. The combination, with the main standard and with the pattern-surface sustained thereby, of the slotted main table, the slide-rest carriage having independent slidesrests, and a shaft connected to said carriage, passing through the main table and adapted to bear upon the pattern-surface, substantially as de= scribed.

` 24. rlhe combination, with the main standard C, of the pattern-slide H, having a rackbar, 97, thereon, the slotted main table D, the slide-rest carriage E, the shaft bearing a pinion andconnected with the slide-rest carriage, substantially as set forth.

' 25. The combination, with the slide-rest cari IOO rio

'the tubular shaft M, the adjustable frictionthe slide-rest carriage, and the pattern-surft ing a broad end plate perforated near and 6o face, of the shafts I and K, the pulleys 107 and 109, the belt 108, and-the belt-tightening mechanism, substantially as described.

28. The combination, with the main table D, the slide-rest carriage E, and the pattern-surface carrying a rack-bar, of the shaft I, carrying a pinion and worm-wheel 102, the shaft K, and means, substantially as described, for connecting or disconnecting said shaft K and Aworm-wheel 102, substantially as set forth.

29. The combination, with the slide-rest carriage E and the slide-rests, of the spindles F2 F3, for moving said slide-rests, and a shaft for operating said spindles, substantially as described.

30. The combination, with the slide-rest carriage and the slide-rests, of the spindles for moving said slide-rests, a shaft for connecting 'said spindles, and mechanism, substantially las described, for throwing the spindles and shaft out of gear, substantially as described.`

riage, one or more slide-rests, and their spin- Y dles, of a compensating-roller adapted to bear against the body being ground, and mechanism for connecting said compensating-roller with the spindles of the slide-rests, substantially as set forth.

33. rIhe combination, with the compensating-roller and intermediate mechanism, of

'pulley 151, the friction-disk M', the shaft F4, spindles F2 F3, and the slide-rests F F, substantially as described.

34. The combination, with the compensating-roller, of means, substantially as described, for adjusting the same toward and from the work being ground, substantially as described.

35. The combination, with the compensating-roller and its shaft, of the spring-seated journal-bearing, substantially as described.

36. The combination, with the grinding wheel, of an inclosing-hood provided with an adjustable hopper, substantially as described.

l37. The combination, with the grindingwheel, of the inclosing-hood having an adj ustable valve at its top, and an exhaust-pipe connected to said hood, substantially as described.

38. The combination, with two grindingf wheels, of the inclosing-hocds, a telescopic connecting-pipe, and an exhaust-pipe, subl stantially as described.

about its circumference, of a solid grindingwheel having circumferential perforations corresponding with those of the end plate, and the clamping-bolts to secure said wheel to the plate, substantially as described.

40. The combination, with the mandrel having a broad end plate perforated near and about its circumference, of a solid grindingwheel having a depressed seat to receive-said plate, and circumferential perforations corresponding with those therein, said wheel being secured to the plate by clamping-bolts, stantially as described.

41. rIlhe combination, with the mandrel 88, havingthe expanded end g3, of the grindingwheel G, having the tubes g, and the clamping-bolts g4, substantially as described.

42. The combination of the mandrel 88, having expanded end g3, with the grinding-wheel G, having the flanged plate g embedded therein, and the clamping-bolts g4, substantially as described.

43. A solid grinding-wheel having a series of circumferential perforations only therein, substantially as described.

44. A solid grinding-wheel having a depressed seat to receive the broad end plate of the mandrel, substantially as described.

45. A solid grinding-wheel havingfa depressed seat and a series of circumferential perforations therein, substantially as described.

46.V A solid grinding-wheel having a series of metal tubes arranged in circumferential series, and a anged perforated metal plate forming a depressed seat, to snugly receive the end plate of the mandrel, substantially as described.

47. The combination, with the mandrel of the grinding-wheel and its j ournal-box, of the elastic slide-plates, which allow said box and mandrel to yield against all radial strains, substantially as set forth.

48. The combination, with the mandrel of the grinding-wheel and with its journal-box, of the adjustable elastic slide-plates, which allow said box and mandrel to yield against radial strains, substantially as described.

49. The combination, with the mandrel of the grinding-wheel and with its journal-box, of the yielding cylinder and the elastic slideplates, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I havehereunto set my hand this 6th day of December, A. D. 1882.

AUGUSTIN NV. MCINTYRE.

i Vitnesses:

JAMES H. Pinnen, Gno. P. FIsHER, Jr.

sub-

IIO 

